The International Enforcement Law Reporter

The International Enforcement Law Reporter is a monthly print and online journal covering news and trends in international enforcement law.

Since September 1985, the International Enforcement Law Reporter has analyzed the premier developments in both the substantive and procedural aspects of international enforcement law. Read by practitioners, academics, and politicians, the IELR is a valuable guide to the difficult and dynamic field of international law.

Guatemala Detains Sons of Former Panama President Martinelli on US Money Laundering Charges

Friday, August 7, 2020
Author: 
Bruce Zagaris
Volume: 
36
Issue: 
8
Abstract: 

On July 6, 2020, Guatemalan law enforcement authorities detained two sons of former Panamanian President Ricardo Martinelli for their alleged roles in a bribery and money laundering scheme involving the Brazilian construction company Odebrecht.[1]



[1]   Sonia Pérez, Associated Press, Sons of ex-Panama president held in Guatemala on US charges, Wash. Post, July7, 2020.

 

 

The Netherlands Files Inter-State Application Against Russia in the MH17 Case Before the ECtHR

Friday, August 7, 2020
Author: 
Michael Plachta
Volume: 
36
Issue: 
8
Abstract: 

On July 15, 2020, the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR or the Court) revealed that on July 10, 2020, the Government of the Netherlands had lodged an inter-State application under Article 33 (Inter-State cases) of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR or the Convention) against the Russian Federation.[1] The inter-State application has been registered under no. 28525/20.[2]



* Professor Plachta specializes in criminal law and international criminal law. He has authored numerous publication on a wide range of problems concerning law enforcement and international cooperation in criminal matters. He currently teaches criminal law and European criminal law at the University of Security in Poznan, Poland.

[1] New inter-State application brought by the Netherlands against Russia concerning downing of Malaysia Airlines flight MH17, Press release ECHR 213 (2020), July 15, 2020.

[2] The application has been communicated to the Russian Government but is not yet available in the ECtHR database HUDOC.

 

U.S. Charges 2 Chinese Hackers Working for Chinese Government with Global Hacking and Orders Closing of the Houston Consulate as China Retaliates

Thursday, July 30, 2020
Author: 
Bruce Zagaris
Volume: 
36
Issue: 
8
Abstract: 

                On July 21, 2020, a federal grand jury in Spokane, Washington, returned an indictment that earlier in the month charged two nationals and residents of the People’s Republic of China with hacking into the computer systems of hundreds of victim companies, governments, and non-governmental organizations, as well as individual dissidents, clergy, and democratic and human rights activists in the United States and abroad, including Hong Kong and China.  The defendants acted for their own personal financial gain in some cases, and for the benefit of the Chinese Ministry of State Security (MSS) or other Chinese government agencies in other cases.[1] On July 23, 2020, the US ordered China to close its consulate in Houston, Texas, within 72 hours, due to  "stealing intellectual property” - a move described as "political provocation" by Beijing.[2]  On July 24, China ordered the U.S. to close its consulate in Chengdu in response to the U.S.’s order that China close the Houston consulate.[3]



[1]    U.S. Department of Justice, Two Chinese Hackers Working with the Ministry of State Security Charged with Global Computer Intrusion Campaign Targeting Intellectual Property and Confidential Business Information, Including COVID-19 Research, Press Rel. 20-675, July 21, 2020.

 

[2]  Chinese consulate in Houston ordered to close by US,  BBC,  July 23, 2020.

 

[3]   Anna Fifield, Carol Morello and Ellen Nakashima, In retaliation, China tells U.S. to shut consulate in Chengdu, Wash. Post, July 25, 2020, at A13, col. 1.

 

 

U.S. Arrests Fugitive Wanted by South Korea on Sewol Ferry Matter

Thursday, July 30, 2020
Author: 
Bruce Zagaris
Volume: 
36
Issue: 
8
Abstract: 

  On July 22, 2020, the United States arrested Yoo Hyuk-kee, the second son of Semo Group’s late former chairman Yoo Byung-eun, on an extradition warrant for embezzlement offenses.[1]



[1]    Bahk Eun-ji, Second son of Sweol ferry owner seized in NY, Korean Times, July 24, 2020.

 

 

UK Court Upholds Disclosure Order on Corruption-Based Asset Forfeiture

Thursday, July 30, 2020
Author: 
Bruce Zagaris
Volume: 
36
Issue: 
8
Abstract: 

                On July 10, 2020, Mrs. Justice Johannah Cutts DBE upheld a disclosure order sent to a Brazilian businessman allegedly using “corrupt funds” connected to the multibillion dollar Petrobras “Operation Carwash” money laundering scandal.[1]

                Julio Faerman worked for the Dutch oil and gas services company SMB Offshore. He pled guilty to bribery in Brazil. He concluded a cooperation agreement with the prosecuting authorities after he paid them $54 million. Before that, the Brazilian authorities requested the assistance of the Serious Fraud Office (SFO) in the recovery and identity of Faerman’s assets in the U.K. The request was withdrawn after the agreement.

                In June 2015, the SFO started its own civil recovery investigation. It focused primarily on the property at 8 Tasker Lodge in London. The SFO claims that the funds used to buy the property were linked to corrupt funds obtained by Mr. Faerman during his work as an agent for a Dutch company to enable it to further its business in Brazil with Petrobras, the Brazilian national oil and gas company. The SFO believes that some offshore accounts received a portion of the proceeds of Faerman’s criminal activities.

                In January 2019, the SFO applied to the High Court for a Property Freezing Order and Disclosure Order. The latter was likely intended to enable the SFO to obtain information that would identify the ultimate source of the funds used to purchase 8 Tasker Lodge and determine whether the funds could be traced to the known repositories of the proceeds of Faerman’s unlawful conduct. 

                When the first Disclosure Order was issued on January 29, 2019, the SFO did not bring to the court’s attention the Perry case, which precludes a notice of criminal penalties to Faerman for non-compliance, insofar as Faerman is outside the U.K.

                Eventually on November 5, 2019, the SFO wrote to Faerman’s solicitors admitting they could not force compliance with the Information Notice, which was why they had removed the penal notice. They said that they were requesting the information on a voluntary basis.

                Subsequently, the SFO agreed to withdraw the Information Notice and to write a letter to Faerman in its place, requesting the information sought on a voluntary basis. Faerman did not provide the information on request.

                Justice Cutts refused to discharge the disclosure order. She determined that the SFO did not act in bad faith, and Faerman has not suffered prejudice. Likewise, she stated that a clear and compelling public interest exists in maintaining the disclosure order.  She pointed out that Faerman does not challenge the merits of the SFO’s suspicion concerning the legality of the funds used to buy the property.  Hence, the disclosure order is valid.

                As a result of the order, the SFO is able to seize the Kensington property linked to Faerman, and Faerman will have to comply.  Although the order concerns a procedural matter over the extraterritorial application of the disclosure order and notice required, the SFO can continue to pursue Faerman for the information it seeks with respect to its efforts to ascertain whether proceeds of crime were used to buy the luxury London apartment.



[1]    Julio Faerman v. Director of the Serious Fraud Office, [2020] EWHC 1849 (Admin) Case No.: CO/288/2019, High Court of Justice, Queen’s Bench Div., Administrative Court, Oct. 7, 2020.

 

IACHR Finds U.S. Responsible for Torture and Refoulement of Guantanamo Detainee

Thursday, July 30, 2020
Author: 
Michael Plachta
Volume: 
36
Issue: 
8
Abstract: 

On April 22, 2020, the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) found the United States responsible for violating the human rights of Djamel Ameziane, a former detainee at the Guantánamo Bay detention facility.[1]



* Professor Plachta specializes in criminal law and international criminal law. He has authored numerous publication on a wide range of problems concerning law enforcement and international cooperation in criminal matters. He currently teaches criminal law and European criminal law at the University of Security in Poznan, Poland.

[1] See IACHR, Merits Report No. 29/20, Case 12.865, Djamel Ameziane (United States), 22 April 2020.

 

New Weapon of Choice? Foreign Tax Authority Armed with Letters Rogatory Goes After U.S. Tax Fraud Scheme

Thursday, July 30, 2020
Author: 
Mitchell Beebe and Bruce Zagaris
Volume: 
36
Issue: 
8
Abstract: 

            In the past, it has been notoriously difficult for foreign tax authorities to go directly after U.S. persons who are or were involved in fraudulent tax schemes. These lawsuits often fail on jurisdictional grounds, as the people involved and the evidence needed to substantiate a claim are sheltered behind offshore intermediaries. In a major ongoing lawsuit, this veil may now be lifted as a federal judge in New York has agreed to issue letters rogatory seeking evidence and testimony from offshore entities allegedly involved in the scheme.

“Colonel of Colonels” in Darfur Conflict Surrenders Himself to the ICC

Thursday, July 30, 2020
Author: 
Afrah Tahir
Volume: 
36
Issue: 
8
Abstract: 

On June 9, 2020, Sudanese Militia leader Ali Abd Al-Rahman, also known as Ali Kousayb, surrendered himself to International Crime Court (ICC) authorities. The event occurred thirteen years after the warrant for his arrest was first issued, on April 27, 2007. Koushayb’s alleged crimes occurred between 2003 and 2004 during the Darfur conflict as part of his involvement in the counter-insurgency efforts of the Sudanese government. Koushayb’s trial will be the first ever trial held for crimes committed during this conflict. [1]



[1] Peter Beaumont, Notorious Sudanese militia chief in Darfur conflict arrested in CAR, THE GUARDIAN, Jun, 09, 2020, [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/jun/09/notorious-sudanese-militia-chief-in-darfur-conflict-arrested-in-car].

 

Malaysia and Goldman Sachs Reach Settlement over 1MDB Scandal

Thursday, July 30, 2020
Author: 
Bruce Zagaris
Volume: 
36
Issue: 
8
Abstract: 

On July 24, 2020, Malaysia and Goldman Sachs Group Inc. concluded a settlement agreement to resolve the criminal investigation by Malaysia into Goldman Sach’s role in diverting money from 1MDB. The settlement requires Goldman Sachs to pay $3.9 billion.[1]



[1]    Elffie Chew, Yantoultra Ngui and Sridhar Natarajan, Goldman’s 1MDB Fiasco Nears End With $3.9 Billion Malaysia Pact, Bloomberg News, July24, 2020.

 

 

Pages

Subscribe to International Enforcement Law Reporter RSS