The International Enforcement Law Reporter

The International Enforcement Law Reporter is a monthly print and online journal covering news and trends in international enforcement law.

Since September 1985, the International Enforcement Law Reporter has analyzed the premier developments in both the substantive and procedural aspects of international enforcement law. Read by practitioners, academics, and politicians, the IELR is a valuable guide to the difficult and dynamic field of international law.

U.S. Charges Two Former Twitter Employees and a Saudi National for Acting as Illegal Agents of Saudi Arabia

Monday, November 11, 2019
Author: 
Bruce Zagaris
Volume: 
35
Issue: 
11
Abstract: 

On November 7, 2019, the United States Department of Justice (DOJ) announced it has unveiled charges in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California against Ali Alzabarah, Ahmad Abouammo, and Ahmed Almutairi, aka Ahmed Aljbreen, for their respective roles in accessing private information in the accounts of certain Twitter users and transmitting that information to officials of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.  The Criminal Complaint charges all three defendants with acting as illegal agents of a foreign government.  The complaint also charges Abouammo with destroying, altering, or falsifying records in a federal investigation.  On November 5, 2019, Abouammo was arrested in Seattle, Washington.[1]

ICC Sentences Ntaganda to 30 Years of Imprisonment

Sunday, November 10, 2019
Author: 
Michael Plachta
Abstract: 

On November 7, 2019, the Trial Chamber VI of the International Criminal Court (ICC or the Court), unanimously sentenced Bosco Ntaganda to 30 years of imprisonment.[1] This is the longest sentence the Court has ever given out. Although the penalty for these crimes ranges from eight to 30 years of detention per crime, his 30-year sentence is the maximum permitted under the ICC’s Rome Statute.

British Judge Denies Request to Delay Julian Assange Extradition Case for 3 Months

Friday, November 8, 2019
Author: 
Bruce Zagaris
Volume: 
35
Issue: 
11
Abstract: 

On October 21, 2019, during a case management hearing at Westminster Magistrates Court, District Judge Vanessa Baraitser denied Mark Summers’ request, counsel for Julian Assange, to delay the extradition proceedings three months.  The next case management hearing will occur on December 19. The full extradition hearing will start February 25, 2020.[1] The U.S. charged Assange with 17 new counts under the Espionage Act for conspiring with former Army intelligence analyst Cheslea Manning to unlawfully encourage, receive, and publish national defense information.[2]

Transborder Labor Trafficking and Forced Servitude in Marijuana Growing Operations

Thursday, November 7, 2019
Author: 
Luz E. Nagle
Volume: 
35
Issue: 
11
Abstract: 

Human trafficking and labor servitude are occurring globally in the rapidly expanding marijuana cultivation “industry” in which the murky status between legal and illegal product entering the consumer supply chain allows transborder criminal organizations to capitalize on gaps in law enforcement and immigration laws.  Over the last several years, grow operations concealed in non-descript settings—suburban houses and warehouses in industrial areas—have been found throughout Great Britain, Ireland, and Western Europe.  With those discoveries, authorities have found numerous instances of undocumented immigrants, including children, toiling over the valuable crops while subjected to potentially fatal health risks from constant exposure to chemicals in poorly-ventilated rooms, malnutrition, constant illness, and the looming threat of fires and electrocution.

U.S. Government Recovers $700 Million in Asset Forfeiture Settlement re Malaysian Sovereign Wealth Fund

Monday, November 4, 2019
Author: 
Bruce Zagaris
Volume: 
35
Issue: 
11
Abstract: 

On October 30, 2019, the United States Department of Justice (DOJ) announced a settlement of its civil forfeiture cases against assets acquired by Low Take Jho, also known as Jho Low, and his family using funds allegedly misappropriated from 1Malaysia Development Berhad (1MDB), Malaysia’s investment development fund, and laundered through financial institutions in several jurisdictions, including the United States, Switzerland, Singapore, and Luxembourg.[1]

Parents of Teenage Motorcyclist Victim of Car Crash Plan to Sue Spouse of U.S. Diplomat, U.S., and UK Governments

Friday, November 1, 2019
Author: 
Bruce Zagaris
Volume: 
35
Issue: 
11
Abstract: 

On October 29, 2019, the parents of a 19-year-old motorcyclist killed in a recent collision announced they are planning to sue the driver, who is the spouse of a U.S. diplomat, the U.S. and the UK governments.[1]

Rule on Humanitarian Assistance to Iran and OFAC Issues Humanitarian Trade Mechanism

Thursday, October 31, 2019
Author: 
Bruce Zagaris
Volume: 
35
Issue: 
11
Abstract: 

On October 25, 2019, the U.S. Department of Treasury’s Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) identified Iran as a jurisdiction of primary money laundering concern under Section 311 and issued a new rule to protect the U.S. financial system from malign Iranian financial activities.  Concurrently, the U.S. Departments of the Treasury and State announced a new mechanism to limit humanitarian trade with Iran.

EU Court of Justice Rules on Prison Conditions as a Pre-requirement of an Execution of the European Arrest Warrant

Thursday, October 31, 2019
Author: 
Michael Plachta
Volume: 
35
Issue: 
11
Abstract: 

On October 15, 2019, the Court of Justice of the European Union – Grand Chamber (the Court) delivered its judgment in the case C-128/18 Dumitru-Tudor Dorobantu. The ruling concerns the interpretation of Article 4 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (the Charter) and Council Framework Decision 2002/584/JHA of June 13, 2002 on the European arrest warrant and the surrender procedures between Member States, as amended by Council Framework Decision 2009/299/JHA of February 26, 2009.

FATF Plenary Deals with Money Laundering from “Stablecoins,” the Use of Digital Identity, and Beneficial Ownership

Wednesday, October 30, 2019
Author: 
Bruce Zagaris
Volume: 
35
Issue: 
11
Abstract: 

On October 18, 2019, the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) President Xiangmin Liu of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) chaired the first meeting under the Chinese presidency.  It dealt with two major strategic initiatives: the money laundering risk from “stablecoins” and other emerging assets; and understanding and leveraging the use of digital identity.  The meeting also considered promoting and facilitating more effective supervision at a national level, best practices on beneficial ownership for legal persons, new work on combating the laundering of proceeds of illegal wildlife trade, and a strategic review.  The plenary also reviewed mutual evaluations, including issues experienced by Pakistan and Iran.

U.S. Rearrests Former Argentine Naval Officer Charged in 16 Murders

Tuesday, October 29, 2019
Author: 
Bruce Zagaris
Volume: 
35
Issue: 
11
Abstract: 

On October 25, 2019, U.S. Marshals Service arrested former Argentine naval officer Roberto Guillermo Brovo, 77, on charges in Argentina.  Bravo faces 16 aggravated homicide charges and three attempted aggravated homicide charges for his alleged role in the August 22, 1972 massacre at an Argentine Navy base in Trelew.[1]

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